1.列舉法

　　列舉的模式通常是

　　主題句

　　----example 1

　　----example 2

　　----example 3

　　列舉時(shí)常用for example, for instance, such as, like,thus, take„as an example, to illustrate 等詞語。

　　Nonverbal communication, or "body language，" is communication by facial expressions, head or eye movements, hand signals, and body postures. It can be just as important to understanding as words are. Misunderstandings are often amusing but sometimes serious ones can arise between people from different culture if they misinterpret nonverbal signals. Take for example, the differences in meaning of gesture are very common in the United States: a circle made with the thumb and index finger. To an American, it means that everything is Ok. To a Japanese, it means that you are talking about money. In France, it means that something is worthless, and in Greece, it is an obscene gesture. Therefore, an American could unknowingly offend a Greek by using that particular hand signal。

　　2.分類法

　　一般是在主題句之后，依次羅列段落指示詞所表達(dá)的幾個(gè)部分或幾個(gè)方面。然后，選用豐富的事例對所羅列的各個(gè)部分或各個(gè)方面進(jìn)行具體地說明或解釋。

　　There are three basic kinds of materials that can be found in any good library。

　　First, there are books on all subjects, both in English and in many other languages. These books are organized according to subject, title, and author in a central file canned the card catalog. Books can generally be checked out of the library and taken home for a period of two to four weeks。

　　Second, there are reference works, which include encyclopedias, dictionaries, bibliography, atlases, etc., and which generally must be used in the library itself。

　　Third, there are periodicals- magazines, newspapers, pamphlets-which are filed

　　alphabetically in racks, or which have been filmed to conserve space. Like reference works, periodicals cannot usually be removed from the library. 分類時(shí)常用：most of all， next，moreover， in addition，besides，furthermore，to begin with，to start with，first of all，first，second，third„