On November 11, 1918, the last 4 years of the first world war in Britain, the United States, France and other countries win and Germany, the failure and come to an end. In January 1919, the Allies of winning Versailles peace conference in Paris. The republic of China as a victorious nation to attend the meeting. The republic of China on behalf of foreign in China are put forward at the meeting were abolished privileges, cancel the twenty-first article, etc. As required, are refused. The meeting Japan was decided to take over Germany in China of all kinds of privileges. Treaty of this country, the republic of China on behalf of preparing signature recognition. Word came that the wrath of the whole nation and public anger. Take the student as the forerunner of the May 4th patriotic movement as the volcanic eruptions began.

　　In the afternoon of May 4th rally ahead of more than 3000 students in tiananmen square in Beijing, they shouted: "I also Qingdao, outside for sovereignty, except the kleptocratic" slogans, such as calling for people from all walks of life, oppose imperialist aggression, defend the Chinese territory and sovereignty. The movement of all ranks of workers and the solidarity and support, Shanghai, nanjing and other places of the workers go on strike or protest. Under the pressure of the people throughout the country, the northern government was forced to release the arrested students, remove Cao Rulin and others post, and instructions Paris to attend the meeting of the representatives refused to sign the contract.

　　1918年11月11日，延續(xù)4年之久的第一次世界大戰(zhàn)以英、美、法等國(guó)的勝利和德、奧等國(guó)的失敗而告結(jié)束。1919年1月，獲勝的協(xié)約國(guó)在巴黎凡爾賽宮召開(kāi)和平會(huì)議。中華民國(guó)作為戰(zhàn)勝國(guó)參加會(huì)議。中華民國(guó)代表在會(huì)上提出廢除外國(guó)在華特權(quán)，取消二十一條等正當(dāng)要求，均遭拒絕。會(huì)議竟決定日本接管德國(guó)在華的各種特權(quán)。對(duì)這喪權(quán)辱國(guó)的條約，中華民國(guó)代表居然準(zhǔn)備簽字承認(rèn)。消息傳來(lái)，舉國(guó)震怒，群情激憤。以學(xué)生為先導(dǎo)的五四愛(ài)國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)就如火山爆發(fā)一般地開(kāi)始了。

　　5月4日下午，北京3000多名學(xué)生在天安門前集會(huì)游行，他們高呼：“還我青島、外爭(zhēng)主權(quán)，內(nèi)除國(guó)賊”等口號(hào)，呼吁各界人士行動(dòng)起來(lái)，反對(duì)帝國(guó)主義的侵略行徑，保衛(wèi)中國(guó)的'領(lǐng)土和主權(quán)。這一運(yùn)動(dòng)得到的工人和各階層人士的聲援和支持，上海、南京等地的工人紛紛舉行罷工或示威。在全國(guó)人民的壓力下，北洋政府被迫釋放被捕學(xué)生，罷免曹汝霖等人的職務(wù)，并指令巴黎參加會(huì)議的代表拒絕在和約上簽字。