国产精品尤物福利片在线观看_少妇免费毛片久久久久久久久_久久久久成人精品免费播放动漫_日韩av综合在线观看

歡迎來(lái)到010在線作文網(wǎng)!

十三陵的英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞

實(shí)用文 時(shí)間:2021-08-31 手機(jī)版

十三陵的英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞

  明十三陵,位于北京市昌平區(qū)境內(nèi)天壽山南麓,距京城約50公里,總面積120多平方公里。下面是小編為你帶來(lái)的'十三陵英文導(dǎo)游詞,歡迎參考!

  十三陵英文導(dǎo)游詞

  THE MING TOMBS

  The Ming Tombs are 40 kilometers north of Beijing City on the southern slopes of Tianshou Mountain. They are the burial grounds of 13 Ming Dynasty emperors. In July 2003 the site was designated a world cultural heritage site by UNESCO.

  Empress Xu died in the 5th year of Yongle (1407). Zhu Di sent

  Zhao Hong, secretary of the Ministry of Rites and a geomancer----Liao Junqing along with many others to Beijing in search of an auspicious place for the tombs. It is said that this group of people first selected the area of Tu Jia Ying, which means slaughter-house, and as such, it couldn't be used as the burial ground. Next they selected the foot of Yangshan Mountain, Changping. However, since the surname of the emperor (Zhu) is a homophone for pig and because a village named 'wolf mouth ravine' was located there, they decided against using that area. Later, they found Yan-jiatai west of Beijing. Again, since 'Yanjia' was the homonym of the death of the emperor, it was also deemed unsuitable. It was not until the 7th year of Yongle (1409), that they finally chose the present Heavenly Longevity Mountain as their cemetery grounds.

  The whole area covers 40 square kilometers. It has mountains to its east, west and north, and Dragon Mountain and Tiger Mountain are on either side of its southern entrance. The 13 tombs go from north to south. They are arranged in the manner of the Imperial Palace, with the administration area in the front and living quarters in the rear. In front of the tombs are divine passes, stone archways and steel towers. The Precious City and Ming Tower stand over the Underground Palace.

  There were 16 emperors during the Ming Dynasty. Buried in the Ming tombs, are 13 Ming emperors and 23 empresses, as well as many concubines, princes, princesses and maids. The other 3 emperors, Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang, Zhu Yunwen and Zhu Qiyu are buried in other locations.

  The founder of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, established his capital in present day Nanjing where he was buried after his death. His tomb is called Xiaoling (Tomb of Filial Piety).

  The body of the second emperor of the Ming, Zhu Yunwen, is missing. Some said that he died in a fire, while others said that he went to a temple and became a monk. There is no final conclusion yet.

  The seventh Ming Emperor Zhu Qiyu, was buried as a prince by his elder brother Zhu Qizhen at Jinshankou, a western suburb of Beijing, because in the Tumubao Upheaval, Emperor Zhu Qizhen became a captive and the younger brother of Zhu Qizhen. Zhu Qiyu was chosen as the new emperor, but later Zhu Qizhen was back and proclaimed his re-enthronement in the Seizing Gate Upheaval.

  The Memorial Arch was built in the 19th year of Jiajing (1540) as a symbol of the Ming Tombs. It is 14 meters high and 28. 86 meters wide, and has 5 arches supported by 6 pillars with beautiful bas-relief carvings of lions, dragons and lotus flowers. The Memorial Arch is the biggest and the most exquisite stone arch preserved in the country today. The major designs of dragon and cloud decorations reflect the character of imperial architecture. In addition, it also demonstrates the skillful artistry of the Ming craftsmen.

  The Big Palace Gate is the front gate of the Ming Tombs, and is more commonly known as Big Red Gate. Facing south, there are three arch entrances to the gate, the main inlet to the Ming Tombs. Flanking the gate are two stone tablets, inscribed with orders for the emperor, officials and other people to dismount, before entering into the tomb area. If they did not obey, they would be punished for their disrespect. The rules governing the Ming Tombs in the Ming Dynasty, stipulate that one who sneaks into the tomb area to pick firewood and break twigs would be flogged. Those who came to fetch dirt and stone would be beheaded. Those who entered arbitrarily into the tomb area would be flogged a hundred times.

  The Tablet House was built in the 10th year of Xuande (1435), and stands about 10 meters high with two tiers of eaves. A huge tablet stands in the middle of the Tablet House. The front side bears an inscription by Emperor Renzong for Chengzu. The reverse side is a poem by Qing Emperor Qianlong recording in detail the conditions of the broken Changling, Yongling, Dingling and Xiling. On the east side is the record of expenditures for repairing the Ming Tombs by the Qing government. On the west side is an epitaph by Qing Emperor Jiaqing. It was written in the 9th year of Jiaqing (1804) describing the cause of the fall of the Ming Dynasty.

  On the north side of the Tablet House, stands a group of stone carvings (36 in all). Behind the house, there are two stone pillars. Beyond the pillars are stone animals and other statues. Lions, Xie Zhi, camels, elephants, and Qi Lin horses .All of the animals are in two pairs. Two stand, while the other two kneel. It is followed by the statues of military officers, civil officials and officials of merit, four in each group. These stone animals and statues were made in the 10th year of Xuande (1435). They reflect the imperial power when he was alive and the imperial dignity after he was deceased. The animals and statues were created using whole blocks of stone weighing a couple of tons and each was delicately and masterfully carved.

  Here stands Ling Xing Gate, also known as the unique Dragon and Phoenix Gate, with the meaning of the Gate of Heaven. The gate is pierced with six door leaves, attached to three archways. The top of the central section of the three archways is decorated with flames and precious pearl, so it is also known as the Flame Archway. To the north of the Dragon and Phoenix Gate there lays a seven-arch marble bridge, leading to the gate of Changling. To the east of the seven-arch bridge stands an old five-arch bridge, which was the original site of the seven-arch bridge.

  Actually we are standing on the axle line of the Ming Tombs, otherwise known as the Sacred Way or the Tomb path. We passed the Memorial Arch, the Big Palace Gate, the Tablet House, Sacred Way, stone animals and statues, and Ling Xing Gate. This seven-kilometer long sacred pathway leads from south to north, all the way to the Gate of Changling.

  Now, we are moving to Chang Ling. Changling is the first tomb built in the Ming Tombs area, covering 10 hectares and containing Emperor Zhu Di and his empress Xu.

  Zhu Di (Chengzu) of the Ming Dynasty was the fourth son of the first Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang, born in 1360. Zhu Di was conferred the title of the prince of Yan in the 3rd year of Hongwu (1370). He was appointed at Beiping. After the death of Zhu Yuanzhang (the first Ming Emperor), Zhu Di used the pretext of eliminating evil officials at the side of Emperor Jianwen to lead an army expedition down south to Nanjing. He seized the throne in the 4th year of Jianwen (1402) and ascended the throne in June inside the Hall of Ancestral Worship in Nanjing. Zhu Di was an emperor of outstanding accomplishment in the Ming Dynasty. As soon as he became the prince of Yan, he led the generals out to battle. He had great achievements in calming down the north. After he took over his nephew's power and became the emperor, he still went out to battle throughout the country and consolidated the rule of the Ming Dynasty. He made the important decision to move the capital to Beijing. During the rule of Zhu Di, magnificent developments were made in the economy, culture and in diplomacy. In terms of culture, Zhu Di successively sent Grand Academician Xie Jin, Yan Guangxiao and others to compile the Yongle encyclopedia. The book has become the largest book ever complied in Chinese history. For expanding external exchanges and trade, Zhu Di selected eunuch Zheng He to lead a large fleet filled with precious gold, silver, silk and satins to sail to southeast Asia and Africa seven times in the early years of Yongle.


本文來(lái)源http://www.nvnqwx.com/shiyongwen/3210545.htm
以上內(nèi)容來(lái)自互聯(lián)網(wǎng),請(qǐng)自行判斷內(nèi)容的正確性。若本站收錄的信息無(wú)意侵犯了貴司版權(quán),請(qǐng)給我們來(lái)信(zaixianzuowenhezi@gmail.com),我們會(huì)及時(shí)處理和回復(fù),謝謝.
国产精品尤物福利片在线观看_少妇免费毛片久久久久久久久_久久久久成人精品免费播放动漫_日韩av综合在线观看
久久综合色视频| 91精品久久久久久久久久久久久久 | 久久一区免费| 欧美激情视频一区| 欧美日韩亚洲免费| 久草视频国产在线| 午夜精品久久久久久久无码| 成人精品久久久| 久久国产精品视频| 蜜桃视频日韩| 久久综合伊人77777尤物| 日本在线精品视频| 久久久99爱| 欧美一级中文字幕| 久久综合狠狠综合久久综青草| 亚洲午夜久久久影院伊人| 国产女人18毛片| 一区二区日本伦理| 91久久国产精品| 日韩一级片一区二区| 国产精欧美一区二区三区| 亚洲一区二区三区色| 丰满爆乳一区二区三区| 在线国产99| 99视频在线免费观看| 中文字幕不卡每日更新1区2区| 国产伦精品一区二区三区视频黑人| 美女av一区二区| 国产精品一区二区三区四区五区| 九九热精品视频| 国产精品永久免费| 亚洲一卡二卡三卡| 91九色对白| 日产精品久久久一区二区| www.欧美三级电影.com| 狠狠综合久久av| 欧美激情视频给我| 国产精品99久久久久久久久| 日韩精品久久一区二区| 国产精品入口免费| 国产一区免费在线| 亚洲精品久久区二区三区蜜桃臀| 国产成人+综合亚洲+天堂| 欧美污视频久久久| 久久夜色精品国产欧美乱| 成人免费毛片播放| 日本网站免费在线观看| 国产精品爽黄69| 国产伦精品一区二区三区免费视频| 亚洲欧洲中文| www.欧美三级电影.com| 国产欧美日韩网站| 色噜噜狠狠一区二区三区| 久久精品99久久久香蕉| 国产色婷婷国产综合在线理论片a| 一本色道久久综合亚洲精品婷婷| 久久久久久av无码免费网站下载| 欧美视频在线第一页| 中文字幕黄色大片| 久久久噜噜噜久噜久久| 国产日韩在线一区二区三区| 日本中文字幕久久看| 欧美xxxx综合视频| 久久久视频免费观看| 免费拍拍拍网站| 日产日韩在线亚洲欧美| 欧美精品免费在线| 国产成人精品日本亚洲| 国产亚洲欧美一区二区三区| 日韩av一区二区三区在线| 国产精品国产亚洲精品看不卡 | 久久久久久亚洲精品中文字幕| 国内精品久久久久| 熟女少妇精品一区二区| 国产精品久久久久av| 久久久日本电影| 国产乱码精品一区二区三区日韩精品| 日韩极品视频在线观看| 欧美激情一区二区三区在线视频观看| 国产精品97在线| 国产午夜伦鲁鲁| 欧洲午夜精品久久久| 亚洲巨乳在线观看| 免费99精品国产自在在线| 久久久久久久久久久一区| 国产精品自拍合集| 欧美日韩一区综合| 天堂√在线观看一区二区| 欧美激情xxxx性bbbb| 国产成人久久婷婷精品流白浆| 91精品久久久久久久久久久| 国产日韩欧美一区二区| 欧美极品一区| 日韩精品一区二区三区色偷偷| 一区二区三区av在线| 久久av在线播放| 日韩视频在线免费| 国产成人综合亚洲| 97久久精品视频| 国产精品一区久久久| 国产中文字幕视频在线观看| 欧美精品欧美精品系列c| 日本不卡在线播放| 欧美一级黄色网| 性欧美激情精品| 亚洲不卡1区| 亚洲精品国产精品国自产| 久久久久国产精品www| 欧美成人免费va影院高清| 日日噜噜噜夜夜爽亚洲精品| 久久精品国产精品亚洲色婷婷| 97免费中文视频在线观看| 国产精品亚洲片夜色在线| 国产日韩精品久久| 国产日韩中文字幕在线| 国产日韩精品视频| 国产毛片视频网站| 国产久一一精品| 国产精品自产拍在线观看| 成人毛片一区二区| 高清视频一区| 超碰在线97av| jizzjizz国产精品喷水| 97人人模人人爽视频一区二区 | 蜜月aⅴ免费一区二区三区 | 日韩av免费网站| 日日噜噜夜夜狠狠久久丁香五月 | 欧美一级视频一区二区| 日韩av大片在线| 无码播放一区二区三区| 亚洲不卡一卡2卡三卡4卡5卡精品| 亚洲欧美影院| 日韩一区二区高清视频| 欧美一区二区激情| 人妻无码一区二区三区四区| 欧美日韩国产综合视频在线| 狠狠干视频网站| 国产麻豆日韩| 91国产美女在线观看| 色偷偷av亚洲男人的天堂| 久久精品国产亚洲| 久久香蕉频线观| 亚洲在线视频观看| 色大师av一区二区三区| 日韩精品国内| 黄色片视频在线免费观看| 国产日韩成人内射视频| 97国产精品人人爽人人做| 国产盗摄xxxx视频xxx69| 久久精品视频播放| 国产精品传媒毛片三区| 亚洲图色在线| 人人妻人人做人人爽| 国产原创欧美精品| 97精品久久久| 日韩在线免费视频| 国产精品国语对白| 亚洲欧洲精品一区| 欧洲日韩成人av| 精品一区二区中文字幕| 超碰国产精品久久国产精品99| 久久大片网站| 色综合久综合久久综合久鬼88| 岛国视频一区| 僵尸世界大战2 在线播放| 成人毛片一区二区| 日韩中文有码在线视频| 中文字幕日韩精品无码内射| 日本欧美一二三区| 精品亚洲第一| 国产福利精品av综合导导航| 国产精品激情自拍| 五码日韩精品一区二区三区视频 | 国产免费视频传媒| 久久久噜久噜久久综合| 欧美片一区二区三区| 日本久久久久亚洲中字幕| 黄色成人在线看| 2019日本中文字幕| 国产精品美女免费看| 亚洲精品一区二区三| 欧美亚洲午夜视频在线观看| 国产精品综合网站| 久久精品99国产精品酒店日本| 亚洲区成人777777精品| 国产在线视频不卡| 久久人人爽人人爽人人片av高请| 国产精品老女人视频| 无码免费一区二区三区免费播放| 国模精品视频一区二区| 国产成人精品免费视频| 欧美激情乱人伦| 黄色片视频在线播放| 久久精品99| 中文字幕一区二区三区最新| 国产在线精品二区| 国产成人av网址| 亚洲中文字幕无码不卡电影 | 成人毛片100部免费看| 国产精品手机播放|