課件是具有共同教學目標的可在計算機上展現的文字、聲音、圖像、視頻等素材的集合。下面是關于人教版高一英語第一單元課件的內容，歡迎閱讀！

Learning aims: 學習目標：

　　Master the grammar of this unit. ------直接引語和間接引語Direct Speech & Indirect Speech

Teaching procedures: 學習過程

一、 自主學習(self-study)

　　Step 1 了解學習背景

　　直接引語和間接引語是人教版高中必修1第一單元的語法，也是學生升入高中后需要掌握的第一個完整、系統的語法項目，它與高中重要的語法項目之一------賓語從句有著緊密聯系，因此學、學透這一語法對于高一新生來說有著至關重要的作。學生在初中接觸過它，因此也是初、高中銜接的一個總要內容。

　　Step 2. 什么是直接引語和間接引語

　　我們轉述別人的話有兩種方式：

　　1. 引用別人的原話，被引用的部分叫直接引語，直接引語放在引號內，不用連詞連接；

　　2. 用自己的話轉述別人的話，叫間接引語，不用引號，但通常用連詞與主句連接。

　　這兩種引語都是賓語從句。

　　例如：Mr. Black said, “I am busy.” --------( ) 引語

　　Mr. Black said that he was busy. -------( ) 引語

二、合作探究（Co-exploration ）

　　學習小組共同探究以下內容

　　直接引語變間接引語的3種情況 （陳述句，疑問句，祈使句）

　　溫馨提示：遇到直接引語變間接引語時，我們首先考慮是以下那種句式：陳述句，疑問句，祈使句，然后根據相應的規則來變，或套用相應的句型。

　　1. 陳述句

　　直接引語如果是陳述句，變間接引語時，謂語動詞后常用連詞that 引導（that在口語中常省略），主句的謂語動詞可直接用引語中的said, 也可用told來代替。可以說sb. said that或 sb. said to sb. that,或sb. told sb. that，不可直接說sb. told that

　　比如：

　　He said, “I have been to the Great Wall.”

　　→ He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall.

　　→He said that he had been to the Great Wall.

　　→He told me that he had been to the Great Wall.

　　另外從句中的人稱、時態、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等也要做相應的變化。這方面漢語和英語有許多相似之處，因此在做直接引語和間接引語的轉化練習時要注意句子的意思。

　　1） 人稱的變化

　　He said, “I like it very much .” -------He said that he liked it very much.

　　He said to me, “I’ve left your book in my room.”------He told me that he had left my book in his room.

　　（學生自我檢測： 你能找出哪些人稱發生了變化了嗎？）

　　2）時態的變化 (牢記下列規則)

　　時態的變化 例句（直接引語→間接引語）

　　一般現在時 → 一般過去時 She said, “I need a pen.” → She said that she needed a pen.

　　現在進行時 → 過去進行時 He said, “I am expecting a call.” → He said that he was expecting a call.

　　現在完成時→ 過去完成時

　　Tom said, “Our team has won the game.” →Tom said that his team had won the game.

　　一般過去時→ 過去完成時

　　Mary said, “I took it home with me.” →Mary said that she had taken it home with her.

　　過去完成時→過去完成時 He said, “I had finished my work before supper.” → He said that he had finished his work before supper.

　　一般將來時→過去將來時 Paul said, “I will call again later.” →Paul said that he would call again later.

　　拓展延伸：直接引語變間接引語時態不變化的情況

　　1. 直接引語表述的是客觀真理，變為間接引語時，時態不變

　　The geography teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.” →

　　The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

　　2. 主句謂語動詞的時態是現在時態或將來時態，在引述時，時態不變。

　　She says, “I’ll never forget the days in the country.” →She says that she’ll never forget the days in the country.

　　He will say, “The boy was lazy.” → He will tell you that the boy was lazy.

　　3. 直接引語是一般過去時，并且和具體的過去時間連用，時態不變。

　　She said, “I was born in 1983.” → She said that she was born in 1983.

　　（學生自我檢測： 你發現上述時態發生了變化了嗎？試試你記住這些規定了嗎？）

　　1 一般現在時 →（ ） 2 現在進行時 → （ ）

　　3 現在完成時→ （ ） 4 一般過去時→ （ ）

　　5 過去完成時→ （ ） 6 一般將來時→ （ ）

　　3）指示代詞、時間狀語和地點狀語等的.變化

　　（學生自我檢測：根據現有知識積累，你能填出下列直接引語變間接引語時詞的變化嗎？試試看！）

　　指示代詞： 1 this → 2 these →

　　時間狀語： 3 now → 4 ago → 5 four years ago →

　　6 today → 7 tomorrow → 8 yesterday →

　　9 this week → 10 last week → 11 next month →

　　12 the day after tomorrow →

　　13 the day before yesterday →

　　地點狀語： 14 here →

　　趨向性動詞的變化：15 come → 16 bring →

　　2. 疑問句 （一般疑問句，特殊疑問句，選擇疑問句）

　　一般疑問句變為由if /whether引導的賓語從句，其他方面變化同陳述句的變化，

　　即句型：sb. asked (sb.) if/ whether +陳述句

　　特殊疑問句變為由特殊疑問引導的賓語從句，其他方面變化同陳述句的變化，

　　即句型：sb. asked (sb.) what/when/who +陳述句

　　選擇疑問句 變成whether…or句型來表達，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or…

　　例如： He asked, “Do you speak English or French?” →He asked me whether I spoke English or French.

　　I asked, “Will you take bus or take train?” → I asked him whether he would take bus or take train.

　　He said, “Are you interested in English?” →He asked whether I was interested in English.

　　He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?”

　　→He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country.

　　3. 祈使句

　　轉述祈使句時，將祈使句的動詞原型變為動詞不定式，并在不定時to 前根據句子的意思加上tell, ask, order 等動詞，形成3 種句型

　　（1） 表示邀請、請求某人做某事時用ask sb. to do sth.

　　(2) 表示叫、吩咐某人做某事時用tell sb. to do sth

　　(3) 表示命令某人做某事時用order sb. to do sth .

　　表示否定時，在不定式前加not，構成句型ask sb. not to do sth., tell sb. not to do sth, order sb. not to do sth

　　例如： The old man said, “Don’t smoke in the hall.” → The old man told us not to smoke in the hall.

　　The officer said, “Go away.” → The officer ordered us to go away.

　　She said to us, “Please have a seat,” → she asked us to have a seat.

　　注意： 1. 當祈使句的直接引語變間接引語時，因為祈使句表示請求、命令等語氣，所以不存在時態的變化，但是人稱、指示代詞、時間、地點狀語等還要做相應的變化。

　　2. 祈使句中的please 在間接引語中必須省去，用句型ask sb. to do sth.

　　拓展： 1. 如果直接引語是表示“建議”的祈使句或疑問句，通常變為suggested that sb. should do sth或suggested doing sth

　　例如：He said, “ Let’s go to the park.” → He suggested (our) going to the park.

　　→ He suggested that we should go to the park.

　　2. 直接引語是感嘆句時，間接引語可以用what或 how引導，也可以用 that引導

　　She said, “What a lovely day it is !” → She said what a lovely day it was!

　　→ She said that it was a lovely day.