Begins in the name of "yuan" in the northern wei dynasty, is the view of Taoism. According to ancient books: it is on the fifteenth day of the "has", as the cheongwan blessed day; In July 15 is "yuan", for the officer to forgive SINS; October 15 is "yuan" for urban water officer solution. According to the practice to record "records:" ganjitsu in July, the land officer, the world of good and evil, Taoist and night chanting, hungry section prisoner may also liberation." Therefore, in the July 15 this day, folk will prepare rich offering, officer emperor and ancestor worship.
Hungry ghost festival is a combination of Taoism and Chinese traditional folk, the corresponding, mainly based on the same world view: heaven, earth, water, permeating the godhead into cheongwan, officer, officer of water permeating the governance by the government agency. Folk known as "three worlds", is in three officer refers to three of the gods.
Chinese eastern han dynasty last years, the documents has comprehensive Taoist cosmology, and before the first ever to be on the "three officer calligraphy", respectively, into the heaven, earth, water, and said to three officer sin, repentance to pray for peace. After the development of the six dynasties period, combined with the three days and three yuan in the tang dynasty to the promotion of the official, has, in the yuan, the yuan, and so on three ganjitsu standard, be blessed, najib, ancestor worship, three yuan festival to worship, the emperor rate officials to participate in the festival ceremony. After the tang, song, three ganjitsu become a folk festival.
The hungry ghost festival, daoist temples, such as outside the gates of fire temples, XiBianMen baiyunguan temple and so on in order to pray the good crop weather, peaceful country and safe people routinely held "blessing propitious dojo" every year. Because of the psychological fear him, people in the daily life of composite of Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, the lunar July 15 of the hungry ghost festival known as the ghost festival, called the lunar July "ghost month".
After the introduction of Buddhism, Buddhism also has a prayer ancestors, known as the "house," Lamar quin had gone words ULLAMBANA (India), namely "Meng Lan basin will". Meng Lan basin is the meaning of abuse, the pain of life is like a bat hangs on the tree, hanging, suffering. In order to make the living beings from suspension, then need to chant, cloth off food to the wandering soul wild ghost. The move coincided with the Chinese ghost month, worship, and Buddhism is the lunar July 15 turn undead will held on this day, so hungry ghost festival and Meng Lan will come down at the same time.
“中元”之名起于北魏，是道教的說(shuō)法。根據(jù)古書(shū)記載：道經(jīng)以正月十五是“上元”，為天官賜福日;七月十五是“中元”，為地官赦罪日;十月十五是“下元”，為水官解厄日。據(jù)《修行記》記載：“七月中元日，地官降下，定人間善惡，道士于是夜誦經(jīng)，餓節(jié)囚徒亦得解脫。”因此，在七月十五日這一天，民間都會(huì)準(zhǔn)備豐富的牲禮，祭拜地官大帝及祖先。
中元節(jié)是道教與中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)民俗相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物，二者能夠相應(yīng)，主要是基于同一宇宙觀(guān)：即天、地、水三界，被神格化為天官、地官、水官所統(tǒng)轄的三界府署。民間通稱(chēng)的“三界公”，便是以三官泛指三界眾神。
中國(guó)東漢末年，天師道便已綜合前道教期的宇宙觀(guān)，首過(guò)需上“三官手書(shū)”，分別投于天、地、水中，表示向三官懺悔罪過(guò)，以祈求平安。經(jīng)歷六朝時(shí)期的發(fā)展后，三會(huì)日與三元思想結(jié)合，在唐代官方的提倡下，上元、中元、下元等三元日定型化，成為祈福納吉、祭祖拜神的三元節(jié)日，皇帝率百官參與節(jié)日儀式。唐、宋以后，三元日成為民俗節(jié)日。
中元節(jié)時(shí)，道教宮觀(guān)，如地安門(mén)火神廟、西便門(mén)外白云觀(guān)等為了祈禱“風(fēng)調(diào)雨順、國(guó)泰民安”每年照例舉辦“祈福吉祥道場(chǎng)”。因?yàn)閼謪柕男睦恚癖娪谌粘Ｉ钪袕?fù)合儒、佛、道三教，將農(nóng)歷七月十五的中元節(jié)稱(chēng)為鬼節(jié)，稱(chēng)農(nóng)歷7月為“鬼月”。
佛教傳入后，佛教中也有一種追薦祖先的'超度儀式，稱(chēng)為“屋蘭瑪納”(印度話(huà)ULLAMBANA)，也就是“孟蘭盆會(huì)”。孟蘭盆的意義是倒懸，人生的痛苦有如倒掛在樹(shù)頭上的蝙蝠，懸掛著、苦不堪言。為了使眾生免於倒懸之苦，便需要誦經(jīng)，布絕食物給孤魂野鬼。此舉正好和中國(guó)的鬼月祭拜不謀而合，且佛教也是在農(nóng)歷七月十五這一天舉行超度法會(huì)，因而中元節(jié)和孟蘭會(huì)便同時(shí)流傳下來(lái)。
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