篇一：古城如書·漢陵苑

　　漢 陵 苑

　　漢陵苑是漢武帝劉徹的第五子、第一代廣陵王劉胥夫婦同塋異穴墓的博物館，地處揚州北郊，占地三萬三千平方米，1992年5月建成對外開放，是一座融漢代文物和揚州漢代文化的人文景觀，為國家3A級景點。

　　漢陵苑由于建在唐代牙城高地上，景點大門、仿漢門闕和地宮展廳等沿坡地依次而上，顯得厚重而有氣勢。從臺階向上，坡道兩旁有一對形狀像獅子、身上有羽翼的神獸雕塑，起著避除邪祟的作用。根據漢代的等級規定：帝陵前用天祿和麒麟，諸侯王墓前用辟邪，廣陵王劉胥是分封的諸侯王，這里是辟邪。

　　平臺上這兩座門樓叫“闕”，它是古代宮殿、祠廟和陵墓前的特征性建筑，通常左右各一，建成平臺，臺上起樓觀，因兩闕之間有空缺，所以叫“闕”，也叫“雙闕”，這里的雙闕一大一小又稱為子母闕。最早“闕”起到守衛和瞭望的作用，石闕是作為銘記官爵、功績和裝飾用的。

　　前面高大的主體建筑是廣陵王地宮，展出的是西漢第一代廣陵王劉胥的陵墓，這是古代帝王心目中的天堂，距今已有二千多年的歷史。在地宮的東北側是“王后寢宮”展廳，西面的展廳叫“廣陵潮涌”，展出的是揚州境內出土的部分漢代文物和歷史背景介紹。東廳是臨時性展廳。

　　我們先參觀“廣陵潮涌”，簡要了解一下漢代揚州的歷史情況和廣陵王墓產生的背景。

　　“廣陵潮”在兩千多年前是揚州特有的一種自然景觀。當時錢塘江潮還未形成，每年八月望日，廣陵潮波涌如萬馬奔騰，波瀾壯闊，漢代詩人枚乘的《七發》就描繪了廣陵潮“鳥不及飛，魚不及走”的狀觀景象。

　　公元前486年，吳王夫差鑿邗溝通江淮，筑邗城屯兵馬，從此使揚州成為古代南北交通的樞紐。在國家政權強大、穩定的時候，揚州總是成為全國經濟發展的領軍城市，漢，唐、清的三代繁榮，也使揚州成為古代詩詞歌賦中提到最多的城市。

　　揚州的第一次經濟大繁榮出現在漢代。漢高祖劉邦建立漢王朝后，天下一統，各地分封同姓為王。中央集權制與分封制為一體的治國之策取得成功，荊、吳、江都、廣陵四個諸侯國先后在揚州建都。

　　漢初廣陵屬荊國，轄有東陽、鄣、吳三郡并五十三城，范圍包括今天的江蘇、安徽、江西、浙江等部分地區。

　　江都國轄兩郡二十七城。

　　漢武帝劉徹頒布“推恩令”，縮減諸侯封地后，廣陵國僅轄廣陵、江都、高郵、平安（今寶應）四縣，屬徐州刺史部。后來射陽又劃入廣陵版圖。

篇二：揚州漢陵苑英文導游詞

　　[ ] Han palacesDear guests: welcome to the Han Tomb garden. Han tomb garden is the first generation of Guangling king Liu Xu and Queen 's joint tomb, dating back more than two thousand years of history. It is a melting of cultural relics of the Han Dynasty and Han Dynasty Yangzhou cultural landscape, is a national 3A level scenic spots.We along the slope up, one can see a pair of shaped like a lion, who had his wings sculpture is the evil spirits, it is feudal king tomb beast before, according to the grade, the emperor before the tomb beast with detailed and kylin. Then, we see the two gate called "Que ", it is ancient palaces and tombs of landmark buildings, usually about one, because the two " between vacancy, named que or double que, the two towers and a small called lash que. Stone que is official, as the mind feat and ornamental purposes.[ ] Guangling waveDear guests: we now see is Guangling wave. Guangling tide two thousand years ago in Yangzhou is a unique natural landscape, the Qian Tang River tide has not formed, the annual Mid-Autumn around from all sides vassal come together at the Guangling tide, very spectacular scenes, the Han Dynasty poet, scholar Meicheng in the works, " seven " in the Guangling tide made wonderful description. The history of the Yangzhou in three dynasties flourished, the first is the Han Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty thereafter. The material culture of Guangling 's prosperity will be the first in Yangzhou to the summit. So " in Guangling " to describe the Yangzhou economic and cultural thriving and prosperous again but the exact. We now see the " Han Guangling chronology ", it briefly recorded Han Guangling hundreds of years in the history of major events. We can also see Jiang Douxiang portrait of Dong Zhongshu, Princess Liu Xijun of Jiangdu married figure, Zhang Gang River map. We now see the exhibition cabinet below, the display is the Guangling pottery, lacquer, jade, bronze. The west wall intermediate the Han street map, depicting the pig, sheep, acrobatics, bonze mendicant and other scenes, reflects the Han Guangling city prosperity. The north wall has the verifiable ten " Huangchangticou " type timber-chambered tomb list. Next to the wooden coffin chamber model is the most complete preservation of the king of Guangling Liu Xu Huangchangticou type timber-chambered model. This is the spring hill two brick tomb models, is the Eastern Han Dynasty king of Guangling Liu Jing couple joint tomb, tomb unearthed in the "Guangling Wang Xi ", silver copper cattle lights and other precious artifacts, somebody thinks, Sui Zhaozhou Bridge arch structure, is the earliest example of using the principles of mechanics, and in fact early in Guangling two thousand years ago people have used.[ ] the Palace of the EarthDear guests: we now stand where is the Palace of the Earth. We see the center on the wall of the mural? It reflects the Liu Xu last night, in a conference, Yang Temple, the prince was the tragic scenes. Liu Xu is the son of Emperor Wu of Han, muscle man, called the king of Guangling, ruling for 64 years, because of the pretenders, several witch practices, after the case was prosecuted. Last night, with life, very repent, hanged himself.We now see is God habitat Hill model, god mountain home is Guangling king Liu Xu's tomb site, Guangling is the only domestic a basaltic rock mountain, 1500000 years ago formed volcano eruption.We now see the Palace of the Earth is in full accordance with God in the mountain on the tomb built model, with more than two thousand years ago " Huangchangticou " timber-chambered tomb 's original restoration and. The total area of 237 square meters, our nanmu 540 cubic meters, which is composed of an outer reservoir chamber, Huangchangticou, is hiding himself and other components.This is the first layer of " Tibet himself " unearthed a large number of men and women in wood used, car harness and other funerary objects, indicating that the abolition of the living body style.The second layer is called "

　　Huangchangticou ", namely the wooden coffin chamber. It is a kind of special Chinese ancient burial system, is an important part of the imperial mausoleum. " Yellow intestinal " refers to the yellow heart wood, " collect " refers to the topic, namely the trunk near the roots of the end inward polymerization, a patchwork of structure. Guangling king Liu Xu tomb " Huangchangticou ", and other similar tombs, the materials of production, refined, strict structure, save the good, indeed for the marvel.This is the third layer is hiding coffin unearthed in the complete diet utensils bath appliance, it will be Yangzhou's diet culture and bath culture history till two thousand years ago.Follow me as we look around in the window display of artifacts, these artifacts as well as related diagrams, photos, vivid reproduction of Guangling country people's wisdom and talent.We now return to the lobby, we come to visit here the jade burial suit. Jade burial suit is an important part of the imperial mausoleum. This jade dress is based on Liu Xu's tomb unearthed in fragments reproduced, shared 2480 pieces of jade, its size a. Jade burial suit also known as the jade box, because the shape like clothes, so called jade. The ancients believed that jade can protect human essence without leakage, corrosion, protective effect, but also have the evil intention.[ ] the tomb of QueenDear guests: we now see is the tomb of queen. It and the Guangling king Liu Xu's tomb unearthed belong to the same period, imperial class " Huangchangticou " burial system. You see, the lobby is on the right side of harem life scenes of the restoration, it depicts the scene queen diet. The questions get is the Queen 's tomb " South Gate " door problem together, wherein a piece of edge is tree heart, for thousands of years to grow to grow. Now we see is in Tibet himself unearthed in the 12 carriage model, or a north-south, Ma are south, possibly for the owner of the tomb funeral scene.Now, we come to the two floor stand, look at the overall picture of the tomb of queen.The plane was " Queen " shape, as the rock pit pit type " Huangchangticou " timber-chambered tomb, to about 450 cubic meters of phoebe. Coffin chamber is hiding himself and Tibet himself in two parts. Is hiding himself by Minato, coffin, and the coffin in the inner West, composition, inner space uses the symmetrical layout, set up by the portal closes, forming independent space; the portal is opened, each other are communicated with each other. Questions get and what the car by himself between the full-length two shelf to form, at the southern end of the wooden ladder shelf has a, may wish to look, the coffin home wooden ladder phenomenon, in other Han very rare.Members tourists, President Jiang Zemin dedicated 2000 accompanied by French President Chirac visited the court of Han tomb, joyfully epigraph, President Chirac wrote: in this to express my sincere friendship and shock. I also believe that watching Han tomb court, everyone will be awesome.