初一英語上冊語法總結(jié)
導(dǎo)語:初一英語的語法比較簡單,我們可以很輕松地總結(jié)出來,下面是小編收集整理的初一英語上冊語法總結(jié),歡迎參考!
一.動詞be(is,am,are)的用法:說明身份,年齡,狀態(tài)等。
口訣:我(I)用am, 你(you)用are,is跟著他(he),她(she),它(it)。
單數(shù)名詞用is,復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are。
變否定,更容易,be后not加上去。
變疑問,往前提,句末問號莫丟棄。還有一條須注意,句首大寫莫忘記。
be動詞的用法:
be動詞包括“am”, “is”, “are”三種形式。
第一人稱單數(shù)(I)配合am來用。
句型解析析:I am+…
I am a student. I am a boy.
第二人稱(You)配合are使用。
句型解析:You are+…
You are my good friend. You are a good person.
第三人稱單數(shù)(He or She or It)配合is使用。
句型解析:She(He, It) is +…
She is a good girl. She is so cute.
人稱復(fù)數(shù) (we /you/they)配合are使用。
句型解析:We (You, They) are +…
We are in Class 5,Grade 7. You are good students.
注意:
1 綜合解析當(dāng)使用be動詞的時候,前面請先加上第幾人稱。
be動詞前面的人稱,是不可隨意替換的。例如:
I am, You are, She is,并不會出現(xiàn)I is, You am, She are 這樣的情形。
2 當(dāng)只有第一人稱和第二人稱或第三人稱時應(yīng)該把第二人稱或第三人稱放在前
例如:you and I, Tom and I
當(dāng)?shù)诙朔Q和第三人稱放在一起時把第二人稱放在前面,
例如:you and Tom
當(dāng)三者都有時,排序?yàn)椋? 3 1
例如you, Tom and I
練習(xí):1. Where ______ Ann . She ______ here.
2. How old ______ you . I ______ thirteen.
3. ______ you Mr Read . Yes, I ______.
4. What ______ your name. My name ____ Ann
二 情態(tài)動詞Can
1 can作“能、會”解,否定式是cannot,縮寫為can’t。
“can+動詞原形” “can’t+動詞原形” :表示某人能做或不能做某事
Can 是情態(tài)動詞,沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。
Can 表示的”能力”為現(xiàn)在的能力,而不是過去或?qū)淼哪芰Α?/p>
1). for ability表示能力。例如:
—Can you write in English? —Yes, I can.
I can run fast,can you?
2). indicating acquired knowledge or skill表示獲得的知識或技能。例如: —Can she speak Japanese? —No, she can’t.她會說日語嗎?不,她不會。
3). indicating permission表示許可。例如:
Can I read your newspaper?我能看看你的報紙嗎?
Can I take you home?我送你回家行嗎?
We can’t wear jeans at work.我們上班時不準(zhǔn)穿牛仔褲。
4). indicating requests表示要求。例如:
Can you help me with this box?你能幫我弄這個箱子嗎?
Can you feed the cat?你喂喂貓好嗎?
5). indicating possibly表示可能性。例如:
That can’t be Mary—she’s in hospital.那不可能是瑪麗—她住院了。
He can’t have slept through all that noise.那么吵他不可能睡得著覺。
There’s someone outside—who can it be?外面有人—會是誰呢?
6). used to make suggestions用以提出建議。例如:
We can eat in a restaurant, if you like.你愿意的話,咱們可以在飯館吃飯。
I can take the car if necessary.必要時我可以開車去。
三 情態(tài)動詞Would
1 Would是will的過去式,可用于各人稱,表示過去時間的"意志"、"愿望"和 "決心"等。 如:I told peter that I would go along wit him.我告訴彼得我要跟他一塊去。
2 would用來表示現(xiàn)在時間時時,不論是表達(dá)說話人本身的意志或向?qū)Ψ教岢稣埱螅^will婉轉(zhuǎn)。如:
Would you like to have a glass of wine? 你要喝杯酒嗎?
Would you please tell me the way to the nearest bus-stop?
[注]在日常會話中,I would like to和I should like to都可以說,I would like的簡略式為I'd like。如:yes, I’d like to. Yes, I’d love to
Yes, very much. Sorry, ai already have an appointment.
3 Would還可以表示過去習(xí)慣發(fā)生的動作
I found that retired persons would often go to the park to play chess.我發(fā)現(xiàn)退休的人經(jīng)常到公園里下棋。
When he had a problem to solve,he would work at it until he found an answer.當(dāng)他有個問題要解決時,他總是想辦法一直到找到答案為止。
練習(xí):
1 -Can you speak Japanese? -No, I____.
A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not
2 The children___ play football on the road.
A. can't B. can C. mustn't D. must
3 -Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday?
A. Here you are B. Sorry, I can't C. Yes, please D. Let me try
4 Excuse me. ___ you please pass me that cup?
A. Do B. Should C. Would D. Must
5 ___ you like to have another try?
A. Could B. Will C. Would D. Do
6 -Would you like to go boating with us? -Yes, ___.
A. I'd like B. I want C. I'd like to D. I do
四 “there be”句型
There be句型主要用以表達(dá)“某處(某時)有某人(某物)。
”其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“There be+某物(某人)+某地(某時)”其中there是引導(dǎo)詞,沒有詞義;主語是be后面的名詞, be是謂語動詞,在一般現(xiàn)在時中be只用is和are兩種形式。 There be句型中的'be動詞如何確定呢?請先看看下面這首歌訣:
Be動詞,有三個,am,is還有are。“There be”真特別,不留am只留倆,那就是is還有are。要用is還是are,須看其后的名詞是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。若是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞用is,否則就用are。如:
①There is a tree behind the house.
②There is some water(水)in the bottle(瓶子).
③There are some pears in the box.
(3)注意:如果“be”后的主語是由and連接的兩個或兩個以上的名詞,那么be的形式要遵循“遠(yuǎn)親不如近鄰”的原則。也就是說,“be”的形式是由與它最近的那個名詞來確定的。若那個名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞要用is,是復(fù)數(shù)就用are。如:
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