篇一：頤和園 昆明湖景區(qū) 導(dǎo)游詞

　　頤和園 昆明湖景區(qū) 導(dǎo)游詞

　　（開場白，昆明湖名稱含義，西堤，東堤，湖中諸島，結(jié)束語）

　　頤和園的園林區(qū)分為萬壽山景區(qū)和昆明湖景區(qū)，接下來我主要介紹的是昆明湖景區(qū)。

　　昆明湖源于漢武帝在長安城開鑿昆明池操練水兵的典故，當(dāng)時漢武帝派使臣前往身毒，今印度一帶，在昆明國的滇池被阻，漢武帝大怒決定征服昆明國，于是在長安城內(nèi)挖了昆明池操練水兵，乾隆皇帝借此典故將西湖命名為昆明湖，也曾在此操練水兵寓意自己也是像漢武帝一樣，是治理國家的明君，開疆?dāng)U土的英主。

　　穿過仁壽殿的兩座假山，一碧萬頃的昆明湖就映入眼簾，放眼望去，遠(yuǎn)處玉泉山的玉峰塔猶如建造園內(nèi)，西山群峰也盡收眼底，豐富了園內(nèi)景觀，組成了以昆明湖為近景，西堤為中景，玉峰塔及西山群峰為遠(yuǎn)景的山水畫卷，這是我國典型“借景”造園手法。西堤上有六座形態(tài)各異的小橋，分別是界湖橋，豳風(fēng)橋，玉帶橋，鏡橋，練橋，柳橋。

　　界湖橋是西堤六橋中最北面的一座，位于昆明湖（內(nèi)湖），西湖（外湖）與后湖（后河）的分界處，故名界湖橋。清漪園時期此橋名柳橋，而最南端的柳橋稱界湖橋，光緒年間重建時將兩橋名互換。

　　豳風(fēng)橋在清漪園時期稱桑苧橋，光緒年間重建后，慈禧太后為避已故咸豐皇帝的名諱奕zhu也為避其諧音如喪主，將其改為豳風(fēng)橋。豳風(fēng)二字出自《豳風(fēng)七月》，描寫的是百姓耕田采桑的勞動場景。

　　玉帶橋既是昆明湖的入水口也是帝后們乘船從清漪園去靜明園的必經(jīng)之路，為了滿足行船的需要設(shè)計成了高拱形單孔石橋。因形似玉帶而得名，東西兩側(cè)的橋身上刻有乾隆皇帝親筆撰寫的對聯(lián)和“玉帶橋”三字。

　　鏡橋名稱出自于唐代大詩人李白“兩水夾明鏡，雙橋落彩虹。”的意境。

　　練橋名稱出自于南朝詩人謝朓的詩句“余霞散成綺，澄江靜如練。”的意境，練是白色的絲織品，寓意此橋架在澄靜如練的昆明湖上。

　　在練橋和鏡橋之間還有一個建筑是景明樓，景明樓的名稱出自宋代大文學(xué)家范仲淹的名著《岳陽樓記》中“至若春和景明，波瀾不驚，上下天光，一碧萬頃。”建筑形式是按照元代著名畫家趙子昂的名畫《荷亭納涼圖》中的畫境創(chuàng)造的。過了東西堤的交界處繡漪橋，我們就來到了東堤，東堤上的主要建筑是昆侖石碑，廓如亭，十七孔橋，銅牛，文昌閣，耶律楚材祠。

　　昆侖石碑共有兩塊，一塊立于繡漪橋北面，石碑四面鐫刻著乾隆皇帝贊美長河兩岸風(fēng)光的御制詩，一塊立于銅牛北

　　面，石碑四面鐫刻著乾隆皇帝贊美昆明湖東岸景觀的御制詩。

　　沿著堤岸向北走看到的亭子就是廓如亭，它是我國古典園林中最大的一座觀景亭，建筑面積約300平方米，在這里觀景視野開闊，所以叫廓如亭，又因它是八面重檐攢尖頂，故又俗稱八方亭。

　　連接廓如亭和南湖島的就是十七孔橋，全長150米，寬8米，仿照金代盧溝橋建造，望柱上共雕刻有544只形態(tài)各異的獅子，數(shù)量遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)多于盧溝橋。

　　銅牛位于廓如亭的北側(cè)，銅牛是鎮(zhèn)水之物，為了闡明其用意，乾隆皇帝還特意撰寫了四言銘文《金牛銘》，用篆體刻在金牛背上，以銅牛鎮(zhèn)水源于大禹治水的故事。

　　東堤最北側(cè)的建筑就是文昌閣了，是頤和園六座城關(guān)（六座城關(guān)的名字）中最大的一座，閣內(nèi)供奉文昌帝君坐像，它與萬壽山西側(cè)的宿云檐城關(guān)東西相對，一共文昌帝，一共關(guān)羽，左文右武，寓意大清江山“文武輔弼”。

　　介紹完了西堤東堤接下來我們說一下昆明湖中的大小島嶼。

　　在文昌閣西北是由大小兩座島嶼組成的知春島，大島上建有知春亭，亭名源于宋代大文濠蘇東坡《惠崇春江晚景》詩中“竹外桃花三兩枝，春江水暖鴨先知。”的意境。

　　南湖島是昆明湖中最大的島嶼，通過十七孔橋與東堤相連，南湖島上有涵虛堂和廣潤靈雨祠，涵虛堂原名望蟾閣，乾隆年間仿照湖北武昌黃鶴樓建造，后來因為南湖島基礎(chǔ)逐漸下沉，嘉慶便把它改為一層的涵虛堂，光緒年間慈禧曾在此檢閱水師學(xué)堂的官兵進(jìn)行的陣法演練。廣潤靈雨祠俗稱龍王廟，宋真宗時稱廣潤祠，乾隆年間改為現(xiàn)名。其香火延續(xù)到清末，現(xiàn)在看到的是1986年重修的。

　　鳳凰墩位于昆明湖最南端的水域中是仿造江蘇無錫運(yùn)河中的黃埠墩建造的，鳳凰墩上原有一座鳳凰樓，它與南湖島上的龍王廟相對，寓意“龍鳳呈祥”。

　　藻鑒堂位于西堤南面湖泊中，古人把選拔人才成為澡鑒，乾隆皇帝借以寓意人才難得，清漪園時期內(nèi)有很多真寶，1903年重修后，將其改為歐陸風(fēng)情，并配有西洋廚師，慈禧在這里宴請或外駐華公使。

　　治鏡閣位于昆明湖西面水域，原本是一座圓形的水上城樓，但由于年久失修，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是一座水中荒島了。

　　整個昆明湖一池三山的格局寓意這里是人間仙境。倘若在昆明湖內(nèi)泛舟，彷佛置身于仙境，西面西山若隱若現(xiàn)，北面萬壽山一片蔥郁中流露出萬丈金光，東堤金牛神采奕奕，真是一種絕美的享受。（結(jié)束語 略）

　　篇二：英文導(dǎo)游詞：頤和園昆明湖景區(qū)

　　簽10.頤和園昆明湖景區(qū)（昆明湖名稱含義；西堤；東堤；湖中諸島）

　　Kunming Lake covers the three quarters of the whole Summer Palace. the name of the lake came from “Kunming Pool” in Changan, made by Emperor Wu Di in the Han Dynasty for training his soldiers. Qing Emperor Qianlong just followed the example of Han Wu Di and gave the name Kunming Lake.

　　To the west of Kunming Lake, there is a long causeway on the Lake, which is called “West Dyke”, patterned after the Su Dyke in West Lake in Hangzhou. Along the Dyke there are six bridges separate the lake into two parts. The Jade Belt Bridge is the most beautiful bridge among the six bridges in the west dyke. Its high-arched body looks just like a jade belt, hence its name Jade Belt Bridge. The three Chinese characters, “Yu Dai Qiao” was in Emperor Qianlong’s handwriting. Most of the name of the Bridges have been derived from ancient poems to describe the beautiful surroundings, such as the Lake Boudary Bridge, the Local Song Bridge, the Mirror Bridge, the White Sike Bridge and the Willow Bridge.

　　Compare with the West Dyke, there also have many beatiful scenic spots in the East Dyke, such as the 17-Arch Bridgem the Spacious Pavilion, the Bronze Ox, the Heralding Spring Pavilion and the Wen Chang Belvedere.

　　The 17-Arch Bridge is the largest bridge in the Summer Palace. It links East Dyke at its eastern end, and connect South Lake Island at its western end. It is 150 meters long and 8 meters wide with 17 arches. There are 544 stone lions in different sizes and postures carved on the top of the balusters. Seen from a distance, it looks like a rainbow hanging across the water on the lake. The 17-Arch Bridge was first built in 1750, and was imitation of Marco Polo Bridge, but this bridge is more beautiful and have more stone lions. The number 17 was adopted because when seen from either the left or right, the ninth arch is in the middle, and in the old days, the number nine was the lucky number and favorite number in Chinese numerals.

　　The South Lake Island is the biggest island on Kunming Lake. It is located on the eastern part of Kunming Lake and linked with the East Dike by the 17-Arch Bridge. On the northern part of the South Lake Island, there is a big hall with a platform in the front. This was the place where Empress Dowager Cixi watched the navy training on the lake. The Temple of the Dragon King was built on the south Lake Island. Inside the temple, there is a statue of the Dragon King.The Temple of the Dragon King was built here, not only with the purpose of decorating the island, but also to control water. It is said that in 1787 Emperor Qianlong, at the age of 80, came here in person to pray for rain. Soon after, rain poured down in torrents that night. The next day, the emperor came here again to have a big ceremony to show his thanks to the Dragon King. Until the end of the Qing Dynasty, the emoperor came to the Temple of the Dragon King every year in person or sent his high ranking official to come here to worship.

　　The Spacious Pavilion is the biggest extanted ornamental Pavilion in the Ancient garden of China. It is located at the eastern end of the 17-Arch Bridge. It’s an eight-sided and double-eaved pavillion with an area of over 300 square meters that provided a wide field of vision, so it got the name Spacious Pavilion.

　　To the east of the 17-Arch Bridge we can see a Bronze Ox. In ancient China, the

　　ox was used as a symbol of flood control. The 80-word “Golden Ox Inscription”, written by Emperor Qianlong was cast on the back of the Bronze Ox, just toexplain its presence.

　　Yelu Chucai was a famous politician of the Yuan Dynasty and also a famous Mongolian general. During his lifetime, he made great contributions to the preservation of China’s interests. Yuan Emperor put him in an important position in the Yuan Court. Yelu Chucai died in 1244, He was buried at the foot of Jar Hill, and a temple was built to commemorate him. Yelu Chucai Temple consists of three parts: the coffin chamber of Yelu Chucai, the memorial halls and his stone statue.

　　Wen Chang Belvedere is a two-story tower building in the shape of a city gate. Inside the building, the bronze statue of the God of Literature Prosperity is enshrined.